2012
Aseere, Ali, Millard, David E. and Gerding, Enrico (2012) Evaluation of Fairness Characteristics in an Intelligent System For Academic Course Selection. In, IADIS Intelligent Systems and Agents 2012 (ISA 2012) Conference, Lisbon, Portugal, 8pp. (Submitted)
Hargood, Charlie and Millard, David E. (eds.) (2012) Narrative and Hypertext 2011 Proceedings: a workshop at ACM Hypertext 2011, Eindhoven, Southampton, GB, University of Southampton, 62pp.
Zafeiropoulou, Aristea-Maria, O'Hara, Kieron, Millard, David and Webber, Craig (2012) Location Data and Privacy: A Framework for Analysis. In, Bernard Stiegler (ed.), Réseaux sociaux : Culture politique et ingénierie des réseaux sociaux. , FYP EDITIONS, 185-200.
2011
Alowisheq, Areeb, Millard, David and Tiropanis, Thanassis (2011) Resource Oriented Modelling: Describing Restful Web Services Using Collaboration Diagrams. In, The 8th International Joint Conference on e-Business and Telecommunications, Seville, Spain, 18 - 21 Jul 2011.
Millard, David, Davis, Hugh, Howard, Yvonne, McSweeney, Patrick, Morris, Debra, Solheim, Heidi and Yorke, Chris (2011) Towards an Institutional PLE. In, The PLE Conference 2011, Southampton, UK, 11 - 13 Jul 2011.
Chen, Wen-Pin, Millard, David E. and Wills, Gary B. (2011) Using Scrutable Learning Models to Support Personal learning Objectives on Mobile Devices. In, The PLE Conference 2011, Southampton, UK, 11 - 13 Jul 2011.
Hargood, Charlie, Millard, David and Weal, Mark (2011) Measuring Narrative Cohesion: A Five Variables Approach. In, Narrative and Hypertext Workshop at Hypertext 11, Eindhoven,
Hargood, Charlie, Millard, David and Weal, Mark (2011) The Thematic Illustrator: An Automatic Illustrative Approach to Enhancing Narrative Cohesion. At Hypertext 2011 Poster Session, Eindhoven,
Millard, David, Hargood, Charlie, Weal, Mark, Warren, Lorraine and Harris, Lisa (2011) Social Media and Emergent Organizational Narratives. In, Narrative and Hypertext Workshop at Hypertext 11, Eindhoven,
Zafeiropoulou, Aristea-Maria, Millard, David E., Webber, Craig and O'Hara, Kieron (2011) Privacy implications of location and contextual data on the social web. At ACM Web Science Conference 2011, Komblenz, Germany, 14 - 17 Jun 2011. (Submitted)
McSweeney, Patrick, Prince, Rikki, Hargood, Charlie, Millard, David and Carr, Les (2011) Aggregated Erevnametrics: bringing together alt-metrics through Research Objects. In, Alt Metrics Workshop 2011 (Submitted)
McSweeney, Patrick, Borthwick, Kate, Hargood, Charlie, Millard, David and Howard, Yvonne (2011) The Mechanisms and Impact of Encouraging Community Engagement in Teaching Repositories. In, Open Repositories 2011, Austen, Texas, (Submitted)
Alowisheq, Areeb, Millard, David and Tiropanis, Thanassis (2011) Web Service Scenarios.
Aseere, Ali, Millard, David and Gerding, Enrico (2011) An Agent Based Voting System for E-Learning Course Selection Involving Complex Preferences. In, the 2011 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Intelligent Agent Technology, Lyon, France, 22 - 27 Aug 2011. , 386-393.
Azman, Norhidayah, Millard, David and Weal, Mark (2011) Patterns of Implicit and Non-follower Retweet Propagation: Investigating the Role of Applications and Hashtags. At Web Science 2011, Koblenz, Germany, 14 - 18 Jun 2011.
Zafeiropoulou, Aristea-Maria, Millard, David, Webber, Craig and O'Hara, Kieron (2011) Privacy implications of location and contextual data on the social web. At ACM Web Science Conference 2011, Koblenz, Germany, 14 - 17 Jun 2011.
2010
Hooper, Clare J. and Millard, David E. (2010) Creative Software Engineering. At "Models of Creative Design” summer school, Aveiro University, Portugal, (Submitted)
Millard, David and Howard, Yvonne (2010) Towards an Ergonomics of Knowledge Systems: Improving the Design of Technology Enhanced Learning. At European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning, Barcelona (), Spain, 28 Sep - 01 Oct 2010.
Zhang, Li, Bieber, Michael, Song, Min, Oria, Vincent and Millard, David E. (2010) Supplementing virtual documents with just-in-time hypermedia functionality. International Journal on Digital Libraries, 11, (3), 155-168. (doi:10.1007/s00799-011-0065-9)
Millard, David E., Davis, Hugh C., Howard, Yvonne, McSweeney, Patrick, Francois, Sebastien, Morris, Debra, Ramsden, Marcus and White, Su (2010) MePrints: Building User Centred Repositories. In, 5th International Conference on Open Repositories, Madrid, Spain, 06 - 09 Jul 2010.
Hargood, Charlie, Millard, David and Weal, Mark (2010) A Semiotic Approach for the Generation of Themed Photo Narratives. In, Hypertext 2010, Toronto,
Davis, Hugh, Carr, Leslie, Hey, Jessie, Howard, Yvonne, Millard, Dave, Morris, Debra and White, Su (2010) Bootstrapping a Culture of Sharing to Facilitate Open Educational Resources. IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, 3, (2), 96-109.
Davis, Hugh C., Carr, Leslie A., Hey, Jessie M.N., Howard, Yvonne, Millard, David E., Morris, Debra and White, Su (2010) Bootstrapping a culture of sharing to facilitate open educational resources. [in special issue: Open Educational Resources] IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, 3, (2), 96-109. (doi:10.1109/TLT.2009.34)
Hargood, Charlie, Millard, David and Weal, Mark (2010) Capturing the semiotic relationship between terms. New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia, 16, 71-84.
Hooper, Clare J. and Millard, David E. (2010) Teasing Apart and Piecing Together: Towards Understanding Web-based Interactions. At Web Science 2010, Raleigh, USA,
Aseere, Ali, Gerding, Enrico and Millard, David (2010) A Voting-Based Agent System for Course Selection in E-Learning. At IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Intelligent Agent Technology, Toronto, Canada, 31 Aug - 03 Sep 2010. , 303-310.
Aseere, Ali, Millard, David and Gerding, Enrico (2010) Ultra-Personalization and Decentralization: The Potential of Multi-Agent Systems in Personal and Informal Learning. In, 5th European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning, Barcelona, Spain, Springer Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 30-45.
Azman, Norhidayah, Millard, David E. and Weal, Mark J. (2010) Issues in Measuring Power and Influence in the Blogosphere. At Web Science Conference 2010, Raleigh, NC, USA, 26 - 27 Apr 2010. (Submitted)
Hooper, Clare J. and Millard, David E. (2010) Supporting Transitions with Creative Software Engineering. In, create10, Edinburgh, UK, 02 Jun - 30 Jul 2010.
Millard, David and Wang, Weigang (2010) Choosing our Science: An NRHM Guest Editorial. New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia, 16, (1 & 2)
2009
Alowisheq, Areeb, Millard, David and Tiropanis, Thanassis (2009) EXPRESS: EXPressing REstful Semantic Services Using Domain Ontologies. In, 8th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2009), Doctoral Consortium, Chantilly, VA, USA, 25 - 29 Oct 2009. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, 941-948.
Ounnas, Asma, Davis, Hugh and Millard, David (2009) A Framework for Semantic Group Formation in Education. Journal of International Forum of Educational Technology and Society, 12, 43-55.
Hooper, Clare, Millard, David E. and Stanford-Clark, Andy (2009) Tugging at the Seams: Understanding the Fabric of Social Sites. In, Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing 2009
Li, Yunjia, Wald, Mike, Khoja, Shakeel, Wills, Gary, Millard, David, Kajaba, Jiri, Singh, Priyanaka and Gilbert, Lester (2009) Synote: Enhancing Multimedia E-Learning with Synchronised Annotation. UNSPECIFIED
Millard, David, Howard, Yvonne, McSweeney, Patrick, Arrebola, Miguel, Borthwick, Kate and Varella, Stavroula (2009) Phantom Tasks and Invisible Rubric: The Challenges of Remixing Learning Objects in the Wild. Proceedings of the 4th European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning
Borthwick, Kate, Arrebola-Sanchez, Miguel, Millard, David E. and Howard, Yvonne (2009) Learning to share in the Language Box: a community approach to developing an open content repository for teachers and learners. In, Eurocall 2009 Proceedings. Eurocall 2009 Conference. New Trends in CALL: Working Together Oxford, GB, Macmillan ELT, 7pp.
Hooper, Clare and Millard, David E. (2009) Creative Software Engineering. At Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing 2009
Alowisheq, Areeb and Millard, David (2009) EXPRESS: EXPressing REstful Semantic Services. In, 2009 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology, Doctoral Workshop, Milan, Italy, 15 - 18 Sep 2009. , 453-456.
Tiropanis, Thanassis, Davis, Hugh, Millard, David, Weal, Mark and White, Su (2009) A roadmap for semantic technology adoption in UK higher education. At Association for Learning Technology (ALT-C 2009), 16th International Conference, 8-10 September 2009, Manchester, UK, University of Manchester, 08 - 10 Sep 2009. , 26-26.
Owens Hooper, Clare J., Millard, David E. and Stanford-Clark, Andy (2009) Towards a Suite of Tools for Re-imagining Online Social Phenomena. In, Interface 2009
Tiropanis, Thanassis, Davis, Hugh, Millard, David, Weal, Mark and White, Su (2009) Linked Data as a Foundation for the Deployment of Semantic Applications in Higher Education. In, SWEL'09: Ontologies and Social Semantic Web for Intelligent Educational Systems, AIED'09 Conference, Brighton, UK,
Hargood, Charlie, Millard, David and Weal, Mark (2009) Using a Thematic Model to Enrich Photo Montages. In, Hypertext 09
Millard, David, Howard, Yvonne, Gilbert, Lester and Wills, Gary (2009) Co-design and Co-deployment Methodologies for Innovative m-Learning Systems. In, Multiplatform E-Learning Systems and Technologies: Mobile Devices for Ubiquitous ICT-Based Education. , IGI Global.
Hargood, Charlie, Millard, David and Weal, Mark (2009) Investigating a thematic approach to narrative generation. In, DAH 09 at Hypertext 09
Wills, Gary, Bailey , Christopher, Davis , Hugh, Gilbert , Lester, Howard , Yvonne, Jeyes, Steve, Millard , David, Price, Joseph, Sclater, Niall, Sherratt , Robert, Tulloch , Iain and Young , Rowin (2009) An E-Learning Framework for Assessment (FREMA). Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 34, (3), 273-292.
Wills, Gary, Davis, Hugh, Gilbert, Lester, Hare, Jonathon, Howard, Yvonne, Jeyes, Steve, Millard, David and Sherratt, Robert (2009) Delivery of QTIv2 question types. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 34, (3), 353-366.
Millard, David E., Howard, Yvonne, Abbas, Noura, Davis, Hugh C., Gilbert, Lester, Wills, Gary B. and Walters, Robert J. (2009) Pragmatic web service design: An agile approach with the service responsibility and interaction design method. Computer Science - Research and Development
Millard, David (2009) Something Open This Way Comes. Liaison Magazine, (3)
Owens Hooper, Clare J., Millard, David E. and Stanford-Clark, Andrew (2009) Methods for Re-imagining Social Tools in New Contexts. At WebSci09 (Submitted)
Owens Hooper, Clare J., Millard, David E. and Stanford-Clark, Andy (2009) Towards a Social Fabric for Pervasive Assistive Environments. In, PETRA, Corfu, Greece, 09 - 13 Jun 2009.
Li, Yunjia, Wald, Mike, Khoja, Shakeel, Wills, Gary, Millard, David, Kajaba, Jiri, Singh, Priyanaka and Gilbert, Lester (2009) Synote: enhancing multimedia e-learning with synchronised annotation. In, UNSPECIFIED ACM, 9-18.
Millard, David, Howard, Yvonne, McSweeney, Patrick, Borthwick, Kate, Arrebola, Miguel and Watson, Julie (2009) The Language Box: Re-imagining Teaching and Learning Repositories. In, International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, Riga, Latvia, 14 - 18 Jul 2009.
Tiropanis, Thanassis, Davis, Hugh, Millard, Dave and Weal, Mark (2009) Semantic Technologies for Learning and Teaching in the Web 2.0 Era. Intelligent Systems, IEEE, 24, (6), 49-53.
Tiropanis, Thanassis, Davis, Hugh, Millard, David and Weal, Mark (2009) Semantic Technologies for Learning and Teaching in the Web 2.0 era - A survey. In, WebSci'09: Society On-Line, Athens, Greece, 18 - 20 Mar 2009.
Tiropanis, Thanassis, Davis, Hugh, Millard, David, Weal, Mark, White, Su and Wills, Gary (2009) Semantic Technologies in Learning and Teaching (SemTech) - JISC Report.
Wald, Mike, Wills, Gary, Millard, David, Gilbert, Lester, Khoja, Shakeel, Kajaba, Jiri and Li, Yunjia (2009) Synchronised Annotation of Multimedia. In, : Proceedings of the 9th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2009), Riga , Latvia, IEEE, 594-596.
Wald, Mike, Wills, Gary, Millard, David, Gilbert, Lester, Khoja, Shakeel, Kajaba, Jiri, Li, Yunjia and Singh, Priyanaka (2009) ENHANCING LEARNING USING SYNCHRONISED MULTIMEDIA ANNOTATION. In, EUNIS 2009: "IT: Key of the European Space for Knowledge", Santiago de Compostela, Spain, 23 - 26 Jun 2009. EUNIS.
2008
Millard, David, Sinclair, Patrick and Newman, David (2008) PeerPigeon: A Web Application to Support Generalised Peer Review. In, E-Learn 2008 - World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, 17 - 21 Nov 2008.
Chen, Wen-Pin, Millard, David and Wills, Gary (2008) A Four Dimensional Model of Formal and Informal Learning. In, The 16th International International Conference on Computers in Education, Howard International House Taipei, 27 - 31 Oct 2008.
Millard, David (2008) Hypertext 2008: A Great Safari (ACM SIGWEB Trip Report). ACM SIGWEB Newsletter
Kousetti, Chrysovalanto, Millard, David and Howard, Yvonne (2008) A Study of Ontology Convergence in a Semantic Wiki. In, WikiSym 2008, Porto, Portugual, 08 - 10 Sep 2008.
Millard, David, Lewis, Rebecca and Howard, Yvonne (2008) LBWiki: A Location-Based Wiki. In, WikiSym 2008, Porto, Portugual, 08 - 10 Sep 2008.
Wills, Gary, Hare, Jonathan, Kajaba, Jiri, Argles, David, Gilbert, Lester and Millard, David (2008) Assessment delivery engine for QTIv2 tests. In, International CAA Conference, Loughborough, GB, 08 - 09 Jul 2008. 10pp.
Ounnas, Asma, Davis, Hugh and Millard, David (2008) A Framework for Semantic Group Formation. In, The 8th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2008), Santander, Cantabria, Spain, 01 - 05 Jul 2008. IEEE Computer Society, 34-38.
Wald, Mike, Wills, Gary, Millard, David, Gilbert, Lester, Khoja, Shakeel, Kajaba, Jiri and Butt, Prins (2008) Multimedia Annotation and Community Folksonomy Building. In, World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia & Telecommunications (EDMEDIA), Vienna , Austria, 03 - 04 Jun 2008. AACE, 2213-2220.
Ounnas, Asma, Davis, Hugh and Millard, David (2008) Semantic Web-based Group Formation for E-learning. In, PhD Symposium in the 5th European Semantic Web Conference 2008
Millard, David, Bailey, Christopher, Boulain, Philip, Chennupati, Swapna, Howard, Yvonne, Davis, Hugh and Wills, Gary (2008) Semantics on Demand: Can a Semantic Wiki Replace a Knowledge Base? New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia, 14, (1), 95-120. (Submitted)
Wills, Gary, Hare, Jonathan, Kajaba, Jiri, Argles, David, Gilbert, Lester and Millard, David (2008) A Delivery Engine for QTI Assessments. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET), 3
Hargood, Charlie, Millard, David and Weal, Mark (2008) A Thematic Approach to Emerging Narrative Structure. In, Web Science Workshop at Hypertext '08, Pittsburg, USA, (Submitted)
Millard, David, Howard, Yvonne, Wills, Gary, Watson, Julie and Arrebola, Miguel (2008) Towards an Open Repository of Teaching Resources. In, Open Repositories Conference 2008 (OR2008), Southampton, United Kingdom, 01 - 04 Apr 2008.
Millard, David, Faulds, Sue, Gilbert, Lester, Howard, Yvonne, Sparks, Dan, Wills, Gary and Zhang, Pei (2008) Co-design for conceptual spaces: an agile design methodology for m-learning. In, IADIS International Conference Mobile Learning 2008
Wills, Gary, Gilbert, Lester, Hare, Jonathan, Kajaba, Jiri, Argles, David and Millard, David (2008) Assessment Delivery Engine for QTIv2 Tests. In, 4th Ten Competence Open Workshop, Madrid, 10 - 11 Apr 2008.
Zhang, Pei, Millard, David, Wills, Gary, Howard, Yvonne, Faulds, Sue, Gilbert, Lester and Sparks, Dan (2008) A Mobile Toolkit for Placement Learning. In, The 8th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2008), Santander, Cantabria, Spain, 01 - 05 Jul 2008.
Faulds, Sue, Howard, Yvonne, Zhang, Pei, Millard, David, Wills, Gary and Gobbi, Mary (2008) mPLAT Mobile Placement Learning and Assessment toolkit for Healthcare Students. In, The Higher Education Academy on ePortfolios, identity and personalised learning in healthcare education
Chen, Wen-Pin, Millard, David and Wills, Gary (2008) Mobile VLE vs. Mobile PLE: How Informal is Mobile Learning? In, mLearn 2008 Conference, the University of Wolverhampton, 08 - 10 Oct 2008. (Submitted)
Millard, David, Doody, Karl, Davis, Hugh, Gilbert, Lester, Howard, Yvonne, Tao, Feng and Wills, Gary (2008) (Semantic Web) Services for e-Learning. International Journal of Knowledge and Learning (IJKL), 4, (3&4), 298-315.
2007
Millard, David, Howard, Yvonne, Abbas, Noura, Davis, Hugh, Gilbert, Lester, Wills, Gary and Walters, Robert (2007) The Service Responsibility and Interaction Design Method: Using an Agile approach for Web Service Design. In, the 5th IEEE European Conference on Web Services (ECOWS), Halle, Germany, 26 - 28 Nov 2007.
Hooper, Clare, Carr, Leslie, Davis, Hugh, Millard, David, White, Su and Wills, Gary (2007) AnnAnn and AnnAnn.Net : Tools for Teaching Programming. Journal of Computers, 2, (5), 916.
Ounnas, Asma, Davis, Hugh C and Millard, David E (2007) Semantic Modeling for Group Formation. In, Workshop on Personalisation in E-Learning Environments at Individual and Group Level (PING) at the 11th International Conference on User Modeling UM2007, Corfu, Greece,
Weal, Mark J., Alani, Harith, Kim, Sanghee, Lewis, Paul H., Millard, David E., Sinclair, Patrick A. S., De Roure, David C. and Shadbolt, Nigel R. (2007) Ontologies as Facilitators for Repurposing Web Documents. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 65, (6), 537-562.
Bailey, Christopher, Hall, Wendy, Millard, David E. and Weal, Mark J. (2007) Adaptive Hypermedia through Contextualised Open Hypermedia Structures. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 25, (4)
Millard, David, Fill, Karen, Gilbert, Lester, Howard, Yvonne, Sinclair, Patrick, Senbanjo, Damilola and Wills, Gary (2007) Towards a Canonical View of Peer Assessment. In, International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT) 2007, Niigata, Japan, 18 - 20 Jul 2007.
Ounnas, Asma, Davis, Hugh C and Millard, David E (2007) Semantic (Group Formation). At Knowledge Web PhD Symposium 2007 (KWEPSY2007), in the 4th European Semantic Web Conference (ESWC 2007), Innsbruck, Austria, 07 - 03 Jun 2007.
Ounnas, Asma, Davis, Hugh C and Millard, David E (2007) Towards Semantic Group Formation. In, The 7th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2007), Niigata, Japan, 18 - 20 Jul 2007. , 825-827.
Ounnas, Asma, Millard, David and Davis, Hugh (2007) A Metrics Framework for Evaluating Group Formation. In, ACM Group'07, Sanibel Island, Florida, USA, 07 - 04 Nov 2007. ACM New York, NY, USA, 221-224.
Tao, Feng, Millard, Dave, Zalfan, Mohd, Chen, Liming and Davis, Hugh (2007) Knowledge based Learning Experience Management on the Semantic Web. In, IADIS International Conference of e-Learning, Lisburn, Portugal, 06 - 08 Jul 2007.
Weal, Mark J., Cruickshank, Don C., Michaelides, Danius T., Millard, David E., De Roure, David C., Howland, Katherine and Fitzpatrick, Geraldine (2007) A Card Based Metaphor for Organising Pervasive Educational Experiences. In, Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE International Workshop on PervasivE Learning, March 19-23, IEEE Computer Society, 165-170.
Weal, Mark J., Cruickshank, Don C., Michaelides, Danius T., Millard, David E., De Roure, David C., Howland, Katherine and Fitzpatrick, Geraldine (2007) Supporting Domain Experts in Creating Pervasive Experiences. In, Proceedings of the Fifth Annual IEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (PERCOM'07), White Plains, NY, USA, 19 - 23 Mar 2007. IEEE Computer Society, 108-113.
Weal, Mark J., Michaelides, Danius T., Millard, David E., De Roure, David C. and Fitzpatrick, Geraldine (2007) Observations on Pervasive Information Systems Design. In, Workshop on Principles of Pervasive Information Systems Design in conjunction with Pervasive 2007, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,
Wills, Gary, Bailey, Christopher, Davis, Hugh, Gilbert, Lester, Howard, Yvonne, Jeyes, Steve, Millard, David, Price, Joseph, Sclater, Niall, Sherratt, Robert, Tulloch, Iain and Young, Rowin (2007) AN E-LEARNING FRAMEWORK FOR ASSESSMENT (FREMA). In, International CAA Conference, Loughborough , UK, 10 - 11 Jul 2007.
Wills, Gary, Davis, Hugh, Gilbert, Lester, Hare, Jonathon, Howard, Yvonne, Jeyes, Steve, Millard, David and Sherratt, Robert (2007) Delivery of QTIv2 Question Types. In, International CAA Conference, Loughborough , uk, 10 - 11 Jul 2007.
Wills, Gary B., Abbas, Noura, Chandrasekharan, Rakhi, Crowder, Richard M., Gilbert, Lester, Howard, Yvonne, Millard, David E., Wong, Sylvia C. and Walters, Robert J (2007) An Agile Hypertext Design Methodology. In, 18th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia, Manchester, UK, 10 - 12 Sep 2007.
2006
Tao, Feng, Millard, David, Zalfan, Mohd, Chen, liming and Davis, hugh (2006) Semantic Web Assisted Learning Experience Management – Architecture and Strategy for Collaborative Learning Experience Sharing.
Tuffield, Mischa M, Millard, David E and Shadbolt, Nigel R (2006) An Investigation into Automatically Captured Autobiographical Metadata, and the Support for Autobiographical Narrative Generation. Mini-Thesis: PhD upgrade report.
Millard, David E., Howard, Yvonne, Jam, Ehtesham-Rasheed, Chennupati, Swapna, Davis, Hugh C., Gilbert, Lester and Wills, Gary B. (2006) FREMA method for describing Web Services in a Service Oriented Architecture.
Boulain, PR, Parker, MB, Millard, DE and Wills, GB (2006) Weerkat: An extensible semantic Wiki. In, 8th Annual Conference on WWW Applications, Bloemfontein, Free State Province, South Africa, 06 - 08 Sep 2006.
Grange, S, Wang, C, Gilbert, L, Sim, YW, Millard, DE, Hall, W, Gardner, E and Wills, GB (2006) A Web/Grid Services Approach for Integration of Virtual Clinical & Research Environments. At Integrated Health Records “Practice and Technologies”, National eScience Centre (NeSC), Edinburgh, 10 - 09 Mar 2006.
Halloran, John, Hornecker, Eva, Fitzpatrick, Geraldine, Weal, Mark J., Millard, David E., Michaelides, Danius T., Cruickshank, Don G. and De Roure, David C. (2006) The Literacy Fieldtrip: Using UbiComp to Support Children's Creative Writing. In, 5th International Conference for Interaction Design and Children, Tampere, Finland, 07 - 09 Jun 2006. ACM Press, New Your, NY, USA, 17-24.
Halloran, John, Hornecker, Eva, Fitzpatrick, Geraldine, Weal, Mark J., Millard, David E., Michaelides, Danius T., Cruickshank, Don G. and De Roure, David C. (2006) Unfolding understandings: co-designing UbiComp In Situ, over time. In, Symposium on Designing Interactive Systems archive, in Proceedings of the 6th ACM conference on Designing Interactive systems, University Park, PA, USA, ACM Press, New York, NY, USA, 109-118.
Hornecker, Eva, Halloran, John, Fitzpatrick, Geraldine, Weal, Mark J., Millard, David E., Michaelides, Danius T., Cruickshank, Don G. and De Roure, David C. (2006) UbiComp in Opportunity Spaces: Challenges for Participatory Design. In, Participatory Design Conference (PDC '06), Trento, Italy, 31 Jul - 05 Aug 2006. ACM Press New York, NY, USA, 47-56.
Millard, David, Bailey, Christopher, Davis, Hugh, Gilbert, Lester, Howard, Yvonne and Wills, Gary (2006) The e-Learning Assessment Landscape. In, International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT) 2006, Kerkrade, The , Netherlands, 05 - 07 Jul 2006.
Millard, David, Doody, Karl, Davis, Hugh, Howard, Yvonne, Gilbert, Lester, Tao, Feng and Will, Gary (2006) (Semantic Web) Services for e-Learning. In, 2nd International ELeGI Conference on Advanced Technology for Enhanced Learning, Barcelona,
Millard, David, Howard, Yvonne, Chennupati, Swapna, Davis, Hugh, Jam, Ehtesham-Rasheed, Gilbert, Lester and Wills, Gary (2006) Design Patterns for Wrapping Similar Legacy Systems with Common Service Interfaces. In, European Conference on Web Services (ECOWS) 2006, Zurich, Switzerland, 04 - 06 Dec 2006.
Millard, David and Ross, Martin (2006) Web 2.0: Hypertext by Any Other Name? In, ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia 2006, Odense, Denmark, 23 - 25 Aug 2006.
Millard, David, Tao, Feng, Doody, Karl, Woukeu, Arouna and Davis, Hugh, Dicheva, Darina and Aroyo, Lora (eds.) (2006) The Knowledge Life Cycle for e-learning. International Journal of Continuing Engineering Education and Lifelong Learning: Special Issue on Application of Semantic Web Technologies in E-learning, 16, (1/2), 110-121.
Ounnas, Asma, Liccardi, Ilaria, Davis, Hugh / C, Millard, David / E and White, Su / A (2006) Towards a Semantic Modeling of Learners for Social Networks. In, International Workshop on Applications of Semantic Web Technologies for E-Learning (SW-EL) at the AH2006 Conference, Dublin, Ireland, 20 - 23 Jun 2006. Lecture Notes in Learning and Teaching, 102-108.
Ounnas, Asma, Liccardi, Ilaria, Davis, Hugh C., Millard, David E. and White, Su A. (2006) Towards a semantic modeling of learners for social networks. In, SW-EL'06: Fourth Workshop on Application of Semantic Web Technologies for Adaptive Educational Hypermedia, at the AH2006 Conference, Dublin, Ireland, 20 Jun 2006. , 102-108.
Tuffield, Mischa M, Loizou, Antonis, Dupplaw, David, Dasmahapatra, Srinandan, Lewis, Paul H., Millard, David E. and Shadbolt, Nigel R. (2006) The Semantic Logger: Supporting Service Building from Personal Context. At Capture, Archival and Retrieval of Personal Experiences (CARPE) Workshop at ACM Multimedia, Santa Barbara,
Tuffield, Mischa M, Millard, Dave E and Shadbolt, Nigel R (2006) Ontological Approaches to Modelling Narrative. In, 2nd AKT DTA Symposium, AKT, Aberdeen University,
Walters, Robert J, Millard, David E, Bernnett, Philip, Argles, David, Crouch, Stephen, Gilbert, Lester and Wills, Gary (2006) Teaching the Grid: Learning Distributed Computing with the M-grid Framework. In, ED-MEDIA 2006--World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia & Telecommunications, Orlando, USA, 26 - 30 Jun 2006. , 3857-3864.
Weal, Mark J., Cruickshank, Don G., Michaelides, Danius T., Millard, David E., De Roure, David C., Halloran, John, Hornecker, Eva and Fitzpatrick, Geraldine (2006) A persistent infrastructure for augmented field trips. In, World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications, Ed-Media 06, Orlando, Florida, USA,
Weal, Mark J., Cruickshank, Don G., Michaelides, Danius T., Millard, David E., De Roure, David C., Hornecker, Eva, Halloran, John and Fitzpatrick, Geraldine (2006) A Reusable, Extensible Infrastructure for Augmented Field Trips. In, PerEL 2006, 2nd International workshop on Pervasive eLearning in conjunction with PerCom 2006, Pisa, Italy, IEEE Press, 201-205.
Weal, Mark J., Hornecker, Eva, Cruickshank, Don G., Michaelides, Danius T., Millard, David E., Halloran, John, De Roure, David C. and Fitzpatrick, Geraldine (2006) Requirements for In-Situ Authoring of Location Based Experiences. In, 8th ACM International Conference on Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (MobileHCI 06), Espoo, Finland, 12 - 15 Sep 2006. ACM Press, New York, NY, USA, 121-128.
Wills, Gary, Davis, Hugh, Chennupati, Swapna, Gilbert, Lester, Howard, Yvonne, Jam, Ehtesham-Rasheed, Jeyes, Steve, Millard, David, Sherratt, Robert and Willingham, Gavin (2006) R2Q2: Rendering and Reponses Processing for QTIv2 Question Types. In, 10th International CAA Conference, Loughborough University, UK, 04 - 05 Jul 2006.
2005
Tuffield, Mischa M., Shadbolt, Nigel R. and Millard, David E. (2005) Narrative as a Form of Knowledge Transfer: Narrative Theory and Semantics. In, 1st AKT Doctoral Symposium, Milton Keynes, UK,
Tuffield, Mischa M, Millard, David E and Shadbolt, Nigel R (2005) Narrative as a Form of Knowledge Transfer, Narrative Theory and Semantic: Present Challenges - Future Possibilities (9 month Report).
Davies, Will M, Howard, Yvonne, Millard, David E, Davis, Hugh C and Sclater, Niall (2005) Aggregating Assessment Tools in a Service Oriented Architecture. In, 9th International CAA Conference, Loughborough, 05 - 06 Jul 2005.
Halloran, John, Hornecker, Eva, Fitzpatrick, Geraldine, Millard, David E. and Weal, Mark J. (2005) The Chawton House Experience - Augmenting the Grounds of a Historic Manor House. In, Workshop - Re-Thinking Technology in Museums: Towards a New Understanding of People's Experience in Museums, Limerick, Ireland, , 54-65.
Jewell, Michael O., Lawrence, K. Faith, Tuffield, Mischa M., Prugel-Bennett, Adam, Millard, David E., Nixon, Mark S., schraefel, m.c. and Shadbolt, Nigel R. (2005) OntoMedia: An Ontology for the Representation of Heterogeneous Media. In, Multimedia Information Retrieval Workshop (MMIR 2005) SIGIR, ACM SIGIR.
Lawrence, K. Faith, Tuffield, Mischa M., Jewell, Mike O., Prugel-Bennett, Adam, Millard, David E., Nixon, Mark S., schraefel, m. c. and Shadbolt, Nigel R. (2005) OntoMedia - Creating an Ontology for Marking Up the Contents of Heterogeneous Media. In, Ontology Patterns for the Semantic Web ISWC-05 Workshop, Galway, Ireland,
Millard, David, Howard, Yvonne, Bailey, Christopher, Davis, Hugh, Gilbert, Lester, Jeyes, Steve, Price, Joseph, Sclater, Niall, Sherratt, Robert, Tulloch, Iain, Wills, Gary and Young, Rowin (2005) Mapping the e-Learning Assessment Domain: Concept Maps for Orientation and Navigation. In, e-Learn 2005, Vancouver, Canada, 24 - 28 Oct 2005.
Millard, David, Woukeu, Arouna, Tao, Feng (Barry) and Davis, Hugh (2005) Experiences with Writing Grid Clients for Mobile devices. In, 1st International ELeGI Conference on Advanced Technology for Enhanced Learning, Vico Equense, (Napoli), Italy, 14 - 16 Mar 2005.
Millard, David, Woukeu, Arouna, Tao, Feng (Barry) and Davis, Hugh (2005) The Potential of Grid for Mobile e-Learning. At The 4th World Conference on Mobile Learning (MLEARN 2005), Cape Town, South Africa, 25 - 28 Oct 2005.
Millard, David E., Gibbins, Nicholas M., Michaelides, Danius T. and Weal, Mark J. (2005) Mind the Semantic Gap. In, the sixteenth ACM conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia, Salzburg, Austria, 09 - 06 Sep 2005. ACM Press, New York, NY, USA, 54-62.
Sim, Y. W., Wang, C., Carr, L. A., Davis, H. C., Gilbert, L., Grange, S., Millard, D. E. and Wills, G. B. (2005) A Web/Grid Services Approach for a Virtual Research Environment Implementation. In, the Fourth e-Science All Hands Meeting (AHM 2005), Nottingham, UK,
Tao, Feng, Davis, Hugh, Millard, David and Woukeu, Arouna (2005) The Semantic Aspects of e-Learning: Using the Knowledge Life Cycle to Manage Semantics for Grid and Service Oriented Systems. At 1st International ELeGI Conference on Advanced Technology for Enhanced Learning, Hotel Oriente, Vico Equense - Napoli (), Italy, 14 - 16 Mar 2005.
Tao, Feng, Millard, David, Woukeu,, Arouna and Davis, Hugh (2005) Semantic Grid based e-Learning using the Knowledge Life Cycle. At International Workshop on Applications of Semantic Web Technologies for E-Learning (SW-EL), in conjuction with ICALT2005 and AIED'05, Kaohsiung and Amstdem, 08 - 18 Jul 2005. , 954-955.
Tao, Feng (Barry), Millard, David, Davis, Hugh and Woukeu, Arouna (2005) Managing the Semantic Aspects of Learning using the Knowledge Life Cycle. In, The 5th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2005), Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 05 - 08 Jul 2005. , 575-579.
Tuffield, Mischa M, Millard, David E and Shadbolt, Nigel R (2005) Towards the Narrative Annotation of Personal Information and Gaming Environments. In, Hypertext 05, Workshop on Narrative, Musical, Cinematic and Gaming Hyperstructure, Salzburg, Austria, ACM Digital Library.
Wills, GB, Gilbert, L, Gee, Q, Davis, HC, Miles-Board, T, Millard, DE, Carr, LA, Hall, W and Grange, S (2005) A Grid Services Implementation for a Virtual Research Environment. In, 1st International ELeGI Conference on Advanced Technology for Enhanced Learning, Vico Equense - Napoli (), Italy, 14 - 16 Mar 2005. BCS.
Wills, GB, Gilbert, L, Gee, Q, Davis, HC, Miles-Board, T, Millard, DE, Carr, LA, Hall, W and Grange, S (2005) Towards Grid Services for a Virtual Research Environment. In, The 5th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2005), Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 05 - 08 Jul 2005. IEEE, 863-867.
Woukeu, Arouna, Millard, David, Tao, Feng and Davis, Hugh (2005) Challenges for Semantic Grid based Mobile Learning. In, IEEE SITIS 2005, Yaoundé, 27 Nov - 01 Dec 2005.
2004
Alani, Harith, Kim, Sanghee, Millard, David E., Weal, Mark J., Hall, Wendy, Lewis, Paul H. and Shadbolt, Nigel (2004) Using Protege for Automatic Ontology Instantiation. In, 7th International Protégé Conference, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 06 - 09 Jul 2004.
Millard, David E., De Roure, David C., Michaelides, Danius T., Thompson, Mark K. and Weal, Mark J. (2004) Navigational Hypertext Models For Physical Hypermedia Environments. In, Hypertext 2004. The Fifteenth ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia, Santa Cruz, CA, USA, 09 - 13 Aug 2004. , 110-111.
Zhang, Li, Bieber, Michael, Millard, David and Oria, Vincent (2004) Supporting virtual documents in just-in-time hypermedia systems. In, Proceedings of the 2004 ACM symposium on Document engineering, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA, 28 - 30 Oct 2004. ACM Press, 35-44.
2003
Alani, Harith, Kim, Sanghee, Millard, David E., Weal, Mark J., Hall, Wendy, Lewis, Paul H. and Shadbolt, Nigel R. (2003) Automatic Ontology-Based Knowledge Extraction from Web Documents. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 18, (1), 14-21.
Millard, Dave E., Bailey, Christopher P., Brody, Timothy D., Dupplaw, David P., Hall, Wendy, Harris, Steve W., Page, Kevin R., Power, Guillermo and Weal, Mark J. (2003) Hyperdoc: An Adaptive Narrative System for Dynamic Multimedia Presentations.
Alani, Harith, Kim, Sanghee, Millard, David E., Weal, Mark J., Hall, Wendy, Lewis, Paul H. and Shadbolt, Nigel (2003) Web based Knowledge Extraction and Consolidation for Automatic Ontology Instantiation. Knowledge Capture (K-Cap'03), Workshop on Knowledge Markup and Semantic Annotation, Sanibel Island, Florida, USA,
Alani, Harith, Kim, Sanghee, Millard, David E., Weal, Mark J., Lewis, Paul H., Hall, Wendy and Shadbolt, Nigel R. (2003) Automatic Extraction of Knowledge from Web Documents. In, 2nd International Semantic Web Conference - Workshop on Human Language Technology for the Semantic Web abd Web Services, Sanibel Island, Florida, USA, 20 - 23 Oct 2003.
Frey, J. G., De Roure, D., schraefel, mc, Mills, H., Fu, H., Peppe, S., Hughes, G., Smith, G. and Payne, T. R. (2003) Context Slicing the Chemical Aether. In, Millard, D. (ed.) Proceedings of First International Workshop on Hypermedia and the Semantic Web. 1st International Workshop on Hypermedia and the Semantic Web Nottingham, UK, University of Nottingham, (9pp).
Gibbins, Nicholas M., Harris, Steve W., Michaelides, Danius T., Millard, David E. and Weal, Mark J. (2003) Exploring the Relationship Between FOHM and RDF. In, 1st International Workshop on Hypermedia and the Semantic Web, Nottingham, UK,
Millard, David (2003) Discussions at the Data Border : From Generalised Hypertext to Structural Computing. JNCA Special Issue on Structural Computing, 26, 95-114.
Millard, David E., Alani, Harith, Kim, Sanghee, Weal, Mark J., Lewis, Paul, Hall, Wendy, De Roure, David and Shadbolt, Nigel (2003) Generating Adaptive Hypertext Content from the Semantic Web. In, 1st International Workshop on Hypermedia and the Semantic Web, Nottingham, UK,
Millard, David E., Davis, Hugh C., Weal, Mark J., Aben, Koen and De Bra, Paul (2003) AHA! meets Auld Linky : Integrating Designed and Freeform Hypertext Systems. In, ACM Hypertext '03, Nottingham, UK, 26 - 30 Aug 2003. ACM Press, 161-169.
Millard, Ian C., Hughes, Gareth V., Michaelides, Danius T., Millard, David E., schraefel, m. c., Thompson, Mark K. and Weal, Mark J. (2003) 'Forget About It': Signage at Preview Day 2003.
Sinclair, Patrick A.S., Martinez, Kirk, Millard, David E. and Weal, Mark J., Tudhope, Douglas (ed.) (2003) Augmented Reality as an Interface to Adaptive Hypermedia Systems. New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia, Special Issue on Hypermedia beyond the Desktop, 9, 117-136.
schraefel, monica m.c., Millard, Ian, Millard, Dave, Hughes, Gareth V., Weal, Mark J., Michaelides, Danius T., Harris, Steve and Gibbins, Nick (2003) Connecting Physical+Temporal Events to Digital Contexts.
2002
Bailey, Christopher, Hall, Wendy, Millard, David E. and Weal, Mark J. (2002) Towards Open Adaptive Hypermedia. 2nd International Conference, Adaptive Hypermedia and Adaptive Web-Based Systems, Málaga, Spain, 29 - 31 May 2002. Springer-Verlag, 36-46.
Chalmers, Matthew, Brown, Barry, Benford, Steve, Dalton, R, Dalton, N, Galani, Areti, Greenhalgh, Chris, MacColl, Ian, Michaelides, Danius T., Millard, David E., Randell, Cliff, Steed, Anthony, Rodden, Tom, Taylor, Ian and Weal, Mark J. (2002) Blurring the boundaries of the Mackintosh room. In, CHI 2002 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA, 20 - 25 Apr 2002.
Griffiths, Jon, Millard, David E., Davis, Hugh, Michaelides, Danius T. and Weal, Mark J. (2002) Reconciling Versioning and Context in Hypermedia Structure Servers. Metainformatics International Symposium, MIS 2002, Esbjerg, Denmark, 07 - 10 Aug 2002. Springer, 118-131.
Kim, Sanghee, Alani, Harith, Hall, Wendy, Lewis, Paul, Millard, David, Shadbolt, Nigel and Weal, Mark (2002) Artequakt: Generating Tailored Biographies from Automatically Annotated Fragments from the Web. Workshop on Semantic Authoring, Annotation & Knowledge Markup (SAAKM’02), the 15th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, (ECAI’02), Lyon, France, 21 - 26 Jul 2002. , 1-6.
MacColl, Ian, Millard, David E, Randell, Cliff, Steed, Anthony, Brown, Barry, Benford, Steve, Chalmers, Matthew, Conroy, Ruth, Dalton, Nick, Galani, Areti, Greenhalgh, Chris, Michaelides, Danius T, Rodden, Tom, Taylor, Ian and Weal, Mark (2002) Shared visiting in EQUATOR city. In, CVE '02: 4th international conference on Collaborative virtual environments, Bonn, Germany, ACM Press, New York, NY, USA, 88-94.
Sinclair, Patrick, Martinez, Kirk, Millard, David and Weal, Mark J. (2002) Links in the Palm of your Hand: Tangible Hypermedia using Augmented Reality. The Thirteenth ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia, Maryland, USA, ACM Press, 127-136.
Weal, Mark J., Bernstein, Mark and Millard, David E. (2002) On Writing Sculptural Hypertext. The Thirteenth ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia, Maryland, USA, ACM Press, 65-66.
2001
Cruickshank, Don, Roure, David De, Hughes, Gareth, Page, Kevin, Millard, David, Moreau, Luc and Weal, Mark (2001) Using Continuous Metadata to Aid Navigation of Ontological and Temporal Information Spaces. Posters and Demonstrations Proceedings of the Twelth ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia (Hypertext '01) , 17.
Michaelides, Danius T., Millard, David E., Weal, Mark J. and De Roure, David C. (2001) Auld Leaky: A Contextual Open Hypermedia Link Server. The 7th Workshop on Open Hypermedia Systems, ACM Hypertext 2001 Conference, Aarhus, Denmark, Springer Verlag.
Weal, Mark J., Millard, David E., Michaelides, Danius T. and Roure, David C. De (2001) Building Narrative Structures Using Context Based Linking. In Hypertext '01. Proceddings of the Twelfth ACM conference on Hypertext, Aarhus, Denmark. , 37-38.
Weal, Mark J., Hughes, Gareth V., Millard, David E. and Moreau, Luc (2001) Open Hypermedia as a Navigational Interface to Ontological Information Spaces. In, Twelfth ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia, Arhus, Denmark, ACM Press, 227-236.
2000
Millard, David E. (2000) Hypermedia Interoperability: Navigating the Information Continuum. University of Southampton, ECS, Doctoral Thesis.
Millard, Dave, Davis, Hugh and Moreau, Luc (2000) Standardizing Hypertext: Where Next for OHP? The Sixth Workshop on Open Hypermedia Systems (OHS 6) Springer-Verlag, 3--12.
Millard, Dave, Moreau, Luc, Davis, Hugh and Reich, Sigi (2000) FOHM: A Fundamental Open Hypertext Model for Investigating Interoperability between Hypertext Domains. Proceedings of the Eleventh ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia HT'00 ACM, 93--102.
Millard, David E. and Davis, Hugh C. (2000) Navigating Spaces: The Semantics of Cross Domain Interoperability. In, The 2nd Workshop on Structural Computing, San Antonio, Texas,
Moreau, Luc, Gibbins, Nick, DeRoure, David, El-Beltagy, Samhaa, Hall, Wendy, Hughes, Gareth, Joyce, Dan, Kim, Sanghee, Michaelides, Danius, Millard, Dave, Reich, Sigi, Tansley, Robert and Weal, Mark (2000) SoFAR with DIM Agents: An Agent Framework for Distributed Information Management. The Fifth International Conference and Exhibition on The Practical Application of Intelligent Agents and Multi-Agents , 369--388.
Reich, Seigfied, Wiil, Uff K., Nuernberg, Peter J, Davis, Hugh C, Groenbaek, Kaj, Anderson, Kenneth M, Millard, David E and Haake, Joerg M, Groenbaek, Kay (ed.) (2000) Addressing Interoperability in Open Hypermedia: the Design of the Open Hypermedia Protocol. The New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia, 5, 207-248.
1999
Davis, Hugh, Millard, David, Reich, Siegfried, Bouvin, Niels Olof, Gronbaek, Kaj, Nurnberg, Peter, Sloth, Lennert, Wiil, Uffe Kock and Anderson, Kenneth (1999) Interoperability between Hypermedia Systems: The Standardisation Work of the OHSWG (Technical Briefing). 1999 ACM Conference on Hypertext, Darmstadt, Germany, , 201-202.
Millard, David, Reich, Siegfried and Davis, Hugh (1999) Dynamic Service Discovery and Invocation in OHP. 5th Workshop on Open Hypermedia Systems, ACM Hypertext '99 Conference, Available as Report No. CS-99-01 from the Dept. of Computer Science, 6700 Aalborg University Esbjerg, Denmark, Darmstadt, Germany, 21 - 25 Feb 1999. , 38-42.
1998
Davis, Hugh, Millard, David and Reich, Sigi (1998) OHP - Communicating between Hypermedia Aware Applications. Towards a New Generation of HTTP. A workshop on global hypermedia infrastructure held in conjunction with the Seventh International World Wide Web Conference (WWW7), Brisbane, Australia, 14 - 18 Apr 1998.
Millard, David, Reich, Siegfried and Davis, Hugh (1998) Reworking OHP: the Road to OHP-Nav. 4th Workshop on Open Hypermedia Systems, ACM Hypertext '98 Conference, Available as Report No. CS-98-01 from the Dept. of Computer Science, 6700 Aalborg University Esbjerg, Denmark, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, 20 - 24 Jun 1998. , 48-53.