--- Workshop on Electronic Publishing and Open Access Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 2-3 November 2006 Supported by the Open Society Institute http://www.soros.org/openaccess The Bangalore workshop was convened to bring together policy makers and research scientists from major developing countries to agree a path forward towards adopting full Open Access to publicly-funded research publications. The importance of access to the world's research information for the development of a strong economy and a vibrant research capability is widely acknowledged, yet financial barriers limit access by developing countries to the research information they need. Equally, the unique research carried out in countries representing 80% of the world's population is largely 'invisible' to international science because of economic or other constraints. The resolution of many of the world's problems, such as emerging infectious diseases, environmental disasters, HIV/AIDS or climate change, cannot be achieved without incorporation of the research from developing countries into the global knowledge pool. Open Access to the world's publicly funded research literature provides equal opportunities for the communication of all research information, eliminating financial barriers. Furthermore, articles made available electronically on an open access basis have been shown to be cited1 on average 50% more often than non-open access articles from the same journal, thus ensuring the greatest possible benefit both to the authors, to the investment of funding agencies and to scientific progress. The benefits to authors, readers and their organisations is now increasingly recognised worldwide and at November 4th 2006, 761 repositories had already been registered in the Registry of Open Access Repositories, and the Open Archives Initiative's OAIster search engine2 could search over 9,000,000 records in interoperable Open Access repositories. Building on the Budapest Open Access Initiative recommendations3, and past Declarations of commitments to the strategy of Open Access4, particularly the Salvador International Declaration on Open Access for Developing Countries5, and recognising the benefits that Open Access will bring to the strengthening of science, participants to the Workshop agreed the following model National Open Access Policy for Developing Countries. ------------------------------------------------------- A National Open Access Policy for Developing Countries The [country-name] Government/Government Department expects the authors of papers reporting publicly-funded research to maximise the accessibility, usage and applications of their findings. To this end: As a condition for research funding, the [country-name] Government: (1) requires electronic copies of any research papers that have been accepted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal, and are supported in whole or in part by Government funding, to be deposited in an institutional digital repository [IR] immediately upon acceptance for publication; (2) encourages Government Grant Holders to provide Open Access to their deposited papers immediately upon deposit; (3) encourages Government Grant Holders to publish in a suitable Open Access Journal where one exists. What are the benefits to scientific research, research institutes, universities, authors and readers? What are the benefits of Open Access to [country-name]? First, [country-name's] research will be more accessible to global researchers, hence better known and more widely used and cited. The prestige of [country-name] researchers will increase significantly. Second, all [country-name] research will be open to all [country-name] entrepreneurs and the general public with Internet access. This will be beneficial both commercially and culturally. Third, access, usage and citation data on this research will increasingly become available for analysis to help shape researchers', institutions' and nations' strategies and policies. What are the benefits of Open Access to researchers? As authors, researchers benefit because their research papers are given a much wider dissemination and can be read without restriction by anyone with Internet access. This increases the impact of their research. Indeed, evidence is accumulating to show that open access articles are cited 25-250% more than non-open access articles from the same journal and year1. As readers, researchers benefit because they will increasingly be able to access and use the full text of all the research published in their area, not just the research available to them via the subscriptions their institution can afford. This is particularly important where neighbouring countries share common problems and need to collaborate in their research effort. What should be done to implement the policy (answers to Frequently Asked Questions)? What should be deposited when I have a paper ready for publication? The final manuscript of the author's research paper should be deposited in the author's Institutional Repository. This is the author's own final draft, as accepted for journal publication, including all modifications resulting from the peer-review process. (In addition, depositing pre-peer-review drafts, 'preprints', is welcome, if the author desires early priority and peer feedback, but this is just an option available to authors and not a requirement. In some cases publishers may permit their own published version, either in SGML/XML or PDF, to be deposited as well.) When should papers be deposited? An electronic version of the author's final manuscript resulting from research supported, in whole or in part, by Government funding should be deposited immediately upon acceptance for publication. What kind of papers should I deposit? The policy applies to peer-reviewed, original (primary) research publications and reviews that have been supported, in whole or in part, by Government funding. The policy does not apply to book chapters, editorials, or book reviews. Will authors still be able to publish in a journal of their choice? Authors will continue to decide in which journal to publish their research papers. They will only have to ensure that a copy of the final, peer-reviewed paper is deposited in their institutional repository immediately upon acceptance for publication. What is an open access journal? An open access journal makes articles it publishes freely accessible online6. Some open access journals cover their costs by charging the author's institution or funder for publication. The Government may cover such open access publication costs where funds are available and needed. Many journals absorb publication costs in other ways and make no charge. How can I find out whether my journal has a policy compliant with immediately providing access as Open Access? You should consult the individual journal's policy which is given at: http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo.php or at http://romeo.eprints.org/publishers.html Do I need to deposit my paper if the journal publishing my research already provides immediate open access to my articles? Deposit is not required but is still recommended even if a manuscript has been accepted by an open access journal. Your institution will still wish to have your work deposited in its repository to enable it to maintain and make known a compete record of institutional research output. Links and References 1. Ten-Year Cross-Disciplinary Comparison of the growth of Open Access and How it Increases Research Citation Impact. IEEE Engineering Bulletin, Vol.28 N.4, December 2005. http://sites.computer.org/debull/A05dec/hajjem.pdf http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/11688/ 2. Open Archives Initiative search engine (OAIster) http://oaister.umdl.umich.edu/o/oaister/ 3. BOAI (http://www.soros.org/openaccess/) 4. List of OA Resources from Workshop web site http://www.ncsi.iisc.ernet.in/OAworkshop2006/ 5. Salvador Declaration http://www.icml9.org/meetings/openaccess/public/documents/declaration.htm 6. Directory of Open Access Journals http://www.doaj.org List of Participants NAME ORGANISATION Sunil Abraham Mahiti, Bangalore, India Prof. Subbiah Arunachalam, M S Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai, India Prof. N Balakrishnan, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India Prof. S Chandrasekharan, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India Dr Wu Changbai NSFC, Beijing, China Dr Devika P Madalli, Indian Statistical Institute, Bangalore, India Prof. Raghavendra Gadagkar, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India Prof. M Giridhar, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India Dr Eve Gray, Consultant & OSI Fellow, South Africa Prof. Zu Guang'an, Executive Director, Dept of Publications, NSFC, Beijing, China Subbiah Gunasekaran, CECRI, Karaikudi, India Francis Jayakanth, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India Prof. E D Jemmis, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India Prof. Niranjan V Joshi, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India Amit Kapoor, Topaz and Mindspring, USA Helen King, Shuttleworth Foundation, South Africa and UK Barbara Kirsop, Electronic Publishing Trust for Development, UK Dr S Krishnan, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India Lawrence Liang, Alternative Law Forum, Bangalore, India Filbert Minjh, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India Prof. M R N Murthy, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India Madhan Muthu, NIT, Rourkela, India Dr Takao Namiki, Dept of Mathematics, Hokkaido University, Japan Prof. Achim Osswald, Cologne University of Applied Sciences, Cologne, Germany Dr Abel Packer, SciELO/ PAHO/ BIREME, Sao Paulo, Brazil Anand Parthasarathy, Consulting Editor, The Hindu Prof. J. Pashupathy, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India Prof. A R D Prasad, DRTC-ISI, Bangalore, India Prof. S K Rangarajan, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India Prof. Sriram Ramaswamy, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India Dr Mesfin Redi, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia Dr D K Sahu, MedKnow Publications, Mumbai, India Phet Sayo, IDRC, New Delhi, India Dr Pippa Smart, Publishing Initiatives, INASP, Oxford, UK Dr Alma Swan, Key Perspectives, UK Ms Susan Veldsman, eIFL, South Africa Dr S Venkadesan Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India Prof. Lu Wenru, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China Ms. Wan Xiaoxian, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China *Liu Xiwen, Library of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China *sent his paper but was unable to attend the workshop Ms. Liu Ying, NSFC, Beijing, China The Bangalore workshop was convened by the Indian Institute of Science, the Indian Academy of Science and the MS Swaminathan Research Foundation. 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